and

we go back this idea of hyperlinks because this was a one of the big selling points of the internet is that you could take all this information and hyperlink it together and give people more context about a particular topic without, you know, having to focus on a particular piece. So so if you're reading War and Peace, for example, the ideas you can link to different things with in War and Peace like to a Wikipedia article to explain something about Russian history and the Like what can this will actually help people know more about this, but the study say actually hyper linking all this information together often results in people knowing and understanding less of about a topic. Yeah,

(expletive) it all comes down to the fact that links are distractions their distractions when you click on them and you suddenly jump to somewhere else in their distractions, even when you don't click on them, so all of these studies and these are studies from quite a long time ago because you're absolutely right that in the early days. Days of the web everybody was really excited about hyperlinks. I mean for one thing it was fun to click on them and jump somewhere else. But also there was there were all sorts of Scholars and Educators that thought. Oh, this is going to be a big breakthrough in Reading because you'll you know be able to read contrasting opinions or whatever and all of that is true. I mean links are can be very helpful, but nevertheless when you look at the way people come reading comprehension in the retention of information from Reading they go down when links are incorporated into text and there was one study I talked about that actually took the same piece of text and just vary the number of links that appeared in the text and then had a lots of different people participants in the experiment read and what they found is that the more links you get the lower the comprehension is so that created a very clear kind of sign that links are intruding on our ability to To read deeply and as a result derive the benefits that come from Deep reading which are everything from remembering what you've read to also getting into that that deep State. I talked talked about earlier where your mind is kind of bringing all of its all of its resources and all of its existing learning into the act of reading and your kind of challenging yourself and expanding both what you know, but also expanding the Of your understanding and as you expand that then whenever you get new information coming in to you, then you can fit it into this bigger context and it becomes more meaningful. So there is this big trade-off. I think with reading online versus reading on a printed page and unfortunately as a culture where we're voting for we're voting for the screen.